Swansea Bay University Health Board covers a population of around 390,000 in the Neath Port Talbot and Swansea areas. The Health Board employs approximately 12,500 staff. It has three major hospitals providing a range of services: Morriston and Singleton in Swansea, and Neath Port Talbot Hospital in Baglan, Port Talbot.

The Welsh Centre for Burns and Plastic Surgery covers south and mid Wales and the southwest of England. Morriston also delivers one of two cardiac surgery services in Wales. Other specialist services include cleft lip and palate, renal, fertility and bariatric (obesity). The self-funding, Joint Clinical Research Unit conducts commercial studies and collaborates closely with other centres in key health areas which include cardiovascular disease, diabetes and renal disease.